BG95-M3: QMI_QUIRK_SET_DTR patch applied successfully, but qmicli --wds-start-network returns Error 25 'DeviceUnsupported'

IoT Modules LPWA Module
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Hi,
I am integrating the Quectel BG95-M3 into a custom board (STM32MP157, Yocto Linux, Kernel 6.6) via USB. I want to use qmi_wwan and qmicli for network management (raw-ip mode).
Per a suggestion from a Quectel engineer on this forum, I patched the Linux kernel to assert DTR by adding the following line to drivers/net/usb/qmi_wwan.c:

{QMI_QUIRK_SET_DTR(0x2c7c, 0x0700, 3)}, /* Quectel BG95-M3 */

The kernel patch worked perfectly. The driver automatically binds to Interface 3 on boot without needing manual sysfs injection. The modern /dev/wwan0qmi0 control node is created, and the network interface (wwu1u4i3) successfully transitions to UP and LOWER_UP.
I am also able to successfully communicate with the modem over QMI to get the data format:

qmicli -d /dev/wwan0qmi0 --wda-get-data-format

[/dev/wwan0qmi0] Successfully got data format
QoS flow header: no
Link layer protocol: ‘raw-ip’
Uplink data aggregation protocol: ‘disabled’
Downlink data aggregation protocol: ‘disabled’
NDP signature: ‘0’

Despite the QMI control channel being open and the interface being in raw-ip mode, any attempt to actually start the network via WDS fails immediately with a Code 25 error.

I have tried explicitly passing the APN:

qmicli -p -d /dev/wwan0qmi0 --wds-start-network=“apn=iot.1nce.net,ip-type=4,auth=none” --client-no-release-cid

error: couldn’t start network: QMI protocol error (25): ‘DeviceUnsupported’

I have also tried bypassing the APN string and just telling the modem to use the hardware profile (which is already configured correctly via AT commands):

qmicli -p -d /dev/wwan0qmi0 --wds-start-network=“3gpp-profile=1,ip-type=4” --client-no-release-cid

error: couldn’t start network: QMI protocol error (25): ‘DeviceUnsupported’

My Questions:

  1. Does the BG95-M3 firmware actually support standard QMI WDS (Wireless Data Service) dialing via qmicli --wds-start-network on Linux?
  2. Because the BG95 is an LPWA module, is WDS functionality stripped/restricted, forcing us to use ECM (Ethernet Control Model) or PPP mode instead of standard RMNET/QMI?
  3. If QMI data dialing is supported, what is the exact qmicli syntax or proprietary flag required to initiate the connection on the BG95?

Any clarification on the BG95’s specific QMI limitations would be hugely appreciated!
Thanks,
Pete

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